From 21b6e359af51c4c7b7f52c90dc3b863b66715962 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Alexander Medvednikov <alexander@medvednikov.com>
Date: Wed, 25 Mar 2026 23:03:27 +0300
Subject: [PATCH] orm: fix errors and panics when using anonymous structs
 (fixes #23299)

---
 vlib/v/checker/orm.v                          | 20 +++++++++++++++++++
 .../v/checker/tests/orm_anon_struct_field.out |  7 +++++++
 vlib/v/checker/tests/orm_anon_struct_field.vv | 17 ++++++++++++++++
 3 files changed, 44 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 vlib/v/checker/tests/orm_anon_struct_field.out
 create mode 100644 vlib/v/checker/tests/orm_anon_struct_field.vv

diff --git a/vlib/v/checker/orm.v b/vlib/v/checker/orm.v
index dc70c86b1..a6ddcdf02 100644
--- a/vlib/v/checker/orm.v
+++ b/vlib/v/checker/orm.v
@@ -548,6 +548,11 @@ fn (mut c Checker) fetch_and_check_orm_fields(info ast.Struct, pos token.Pos, ta
 				field.pos)
 			continue
 		}
+		if c.orm_field_uses_anon_struct(field_typ) {
+			c.orm_error('field `${field.name}` uses an anonymous struct type, which ORM does not support; use a named struct, or skip it with `@[skip]` or `@[sql: \'-\']`',
+				field.pos)
+			continue
+		}
 		field_sym := c.table.sym(field_typ)
 		final_field_typ := c.table.final_type(field_typ)
 		is_primitive := final_field_typ.is_string() || final_field_typ.is_bool()
@@ -596,6 +601,21 @@ fn (mut c Checker) fetch_and_check_orm_fields(info ast.Struct, pos token.Pos, ta
 	return fields
 }
 
+fn (c &Checker) orm_field_uses_anon_struct(field_typ ast.Type) bool {
+	final_field_typ := c.table.final_type(field_typ.clear_flag(.option))
+	field_sym := c.table.sym(final_field_typ)
+	if field_sym.kind == .struct && field_sym.info is ast.Struct && field_sym.info.is_anon {
+		return true
+	}
+	if field_sym.kind != .array {
+		return false
+	}
+	array_info := field_sym.array_info()
+	elem_typ := c.table.final_type(array_info.elem_type.clear_flag(.option))
+	elem_sym := c.table.sym(elem_typ)
+	return elem_sym.kind == .struct && elem_sym.info is ast.Struct && elem_sym.info.is_anon
+}
+
 // check_sql_value_expr_is_comptime_with_natural_number_or_expr_with_int_type checks that an expression is compile-time
 // and contains an integer greater than or equal to zero or it is a runtime expression with an integer type.
 fn (mut c Checker) check_sql_value_expr_is_comptime_with_natural_number_or_expr_with_int_type(mut expr ast.Expr,
diff --git a/vlib/v/checker/tests/orm_anon_struct_field.out b/vlib/v/checker/tests/orm_anon_struct_field.out
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..14db2fb45
--- /dev/null
+++ b/vlib/v/checker/tests/orm_anon_struct_field.out
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+vlib/v/checker/tests/orm_anon_struct_field.vv:5:2: error: ORM: field `name` uses an anonymous struct type, which ORM does not support; use a named struct, or skip it with `@[skip]` or `@[sql: '-']`
+    3 | struct Foo {
+    4 |     id   int @[primary; serial]
+    5 |     name struct {
+      |     ~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+    6 |         id    int @[primary; serial]
+    7 |         first string
diff --git a/vlib/v/checker/tests/orm_anon_struct_field.vv b/vlib/v/checker/tests/orm_anon_struct_field.vv
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..decd3156b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/vlib/v/checker/tests/orm_anon_struct_field.vv
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+import db.sqlite
+
+struct Foo {
+	id   int @[primary; serial]
+	name struct {
+		id    int @[primary; serial]
+		first string
+		last  string
+	}
+}
+
+fn main() {
+	db := sqlite.connect(':memory:')!
+	sql db {
+		create table Foo
+	}!
+}
-- 
2.39.5