// Copyright (c) 2023 l-m.dev. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by an MIT license
// that can be found in the LICENSE file.
module wasm

import encoding.leb128
import math.bits

fn (mut mod Module) u32(v u32) {
    mod.buf << leb128.encode_u32(v)
}

fn (mut mod Module) patch_start() int {
    return mod.buf.len
}

fn (mut mod Module) patch_len(pos int) {
    len := mod.buf.len - pos
    data := leb128.encode_u32(u32(len))
    mod.buf.insert(pos, data)
}

fn (mut mod Module) patch_u32(pos int, val u32) {
    data := leb128.encode_u32(val)
    mod.buf.insert(pos, data)
}

fn (mut mod Module) result_type(results []ValType) {
    mod.u32(u32(results.len))
    for r in results {
        mod.buf << u8(r)
    }
}

fn (mut mod Module) function_type(ft FuncType) {
    mod.buf << 0x60 // function type indicator
    mod.result_type(ft.parameters)
    mod.result_type(ft.results)
}

fn (mut mod Module) global_type(vt ValType, is_mut bool) {
    mod.buf << u8(vt)
    mod.buf << u8(is_mut)
}

fn push_f32(mut buf []u8, v f32) {
    rv := bits.f32_bits(v)
    buf << u8(rv >> u32(0))
    buf << u8(rv >> u32(8))
    buf << u8(rv >> u32(16))
    buf << u8(rv >> u32(24))
}

fn push_f64(mut buf []u8, v f64) {
    rv := bits.f64_bits(v)
    buf << u8(rv >> u32(0))
    buf << u8(rv >> u32(8))
    buf << u8(rv >> u32(16))
    buf << u8(rv >> u32(24))
    buf << u8(rv >> u32(32))
    buf << u8(rv >> u32(40))
    buf << u8(rv >> u32(48))
    buf << u8(rv >> u32(56))
}

fn (mod &Module) get_local_func_idx(name string) int {
    ftt := mod.functions[name] or { panic('function ${name} does not exist') }
    return ftt.idx + mod.fn_imports.len
}

fn (mod &Module) get_function_idx(patch CallPatch) int {
    mut idx := -1

    match patch {
        FunctionCallPatch {
            idx = mod.get_local_func_idx(patch.name)
        }
        ImportCallPatch {
            for fnidx, c in mod.fn_imports {
                if c.mod == patch.mod && c.name == patch.name {
                    idx = fnidx
                    break
                }
            }
            if idx == -1 {
                panic('called imported function ${patch.mod}.${patch.name} does not exist')
            }
        }
    }

    return idx
}

fn (mut mod Module) patch(ft Function) {
    mut ptr := 0

    for patch in ft.patches {
        mut idx := 0
        match patch {
            CallPatch {
                idx = mod.get_function_idx(patch)
            }
            FunctionGlobalPatch {
                idx = mod.global_imports.len + patch.idx
            }
        }

        mod.buf << ft.code[ptr..patch.pos]
        mod.u32(u32(idx))
        ptr = patch.pos
    }

    mod.buf << ft.code[ptr..]
}

fn (mut mod Module) name(name string) {
    mod.u32(u32(name.len))
    mod.buf << name.bytes()
}

fn (mut mod Module) start_subsection(sec Subsection) int {
    mod.buf << u8(sec)
    return mod.patch_start()
}

fn (mut mod Module) start_section(sec Section) int {
    mod.buf << u8(sec)
    return mod.patch_start()
}

fn (mut mod Module) end_section(tpatch int) {
    mod.patch_len(tpatch)
}

// compile serialises the WebAssembly module into a byte array.
// The returned byte array can be written out into a `.wasm`, or executed in memory.
pub fn (mut mod Module) compile() []u8 {
    mod.buf = []u8{cap: 128}

    // WASM_BINARY_MAGIC, WASM_BINARY_VERSION
    mod.buf << [u8(0x00), 0x61, 0x73, 0x6d, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00]

    // https://webassembly.github.io/spec/core/binary/modules.html#type-section
    //
    if mod.functypes.len > 0 {
        tpatch := mod.start_section(.type_section)
        {
            mod.u32(u32(mod.functypes.len))
            for ft in mod.functypes {
                mod.function_type(ft)
            }
        }
        mod.end_section(tpatch)
    }
    // https://webassembly.github.io/spec/core/binary/modules.html#import-section
    //
    if mod.fn_imports.len > 0 || mod.global_imports.len > 0 {
        tpatch := mod.start_section(.import_section)
        {
            mod.u32(u32(mod.fn_imports.len + mod.global_imports.len))
            for ft in mod.fn_imports {
                mod.name(ft.mod)
                mod.name(ft.name)
                mod.buf << 0x00 // function
                mod.u32(u32(ft.tidx))
            }
            for gt in mod.global_imports {
                mod.name(gt.mod)
                mod.name(gt.name)
                mod.buf << 0x03 // global
                mod.global_type(gt.typ, gt.is_mut)
            }
        }
        mod.end_section(tpatch)
    }
    // https://webassembly.github.io/spec/core/binary/modules.html#binary-funcsec
    //
    if mod.functions.len > 0 {
        tpatch := mod.start_section(.function_section)
        {
            mod.u32(u32(mod.functions.len))
            for _, ft in mod.functions {
                mod.u32(u32(ft.tidx))
            }
        }
        mod.end_section(tpatch)
    }
    // https://webassembly.github.io/spec/core/binary/modules.html#table-section
    //
    if mod.tables.len > 0 {
        tpatch := mod.start_section(.table_section)
        {
            mod.u32(u32(mod.tables.len))
            for tbl in mod.tables {
                mod.buf << u8(tbl.reftype)
                if max := tbl.max {
                    mod.buf << 0x01 // limit, max present
                    mod.u32(tbl.min)
                    mod.u32(max)
                } else {
                    mod.buf << 0x00 // limit, max not present
                    mod.u32(tbl.min)
                }
            }
        }
        mod.end_section(tpatch)
    }
    // https://webassembly.github.io/spec/core/binary/modules.html#binary-memsec
    //
    if memory := mod.memory {
        tpatch := mod.start_section(.memory_section)
        {
            mod.u32(1)
            if max := memory.max {
                mod.buf << 0x01 // limit, max present
                mod.u32(memory.min)
                mod.u32(max)
            } else {
                mod.buf << 0x00 // limit, max not present
                mod.u32(memory.min)
            }
        }
        mod.end_section(tpatch)
    }
    // https://webassembly.github.io/spec/core/binary/modules.html#global-section
    //
    if mod.globals.len > 0 {
        tpatch := mod.start_section(.global_section)
        {
            mod.u32(u32(mod.globals.len))
            for gt in mod.globals {
                mod.global_type(gt.typ, gt.is_mut)

                {
                    mut ptr := 0
                    for patch in gt.init.call_patches {
                        idx := mod.get_function_idx(patch)

                        mod.buf << gt.init.code[ptr..patch.pos]
                        mod.u32(u32(idx))
                        ptr = patch.pos
                    }
                    mod.buf << gt.init.code[ptr..]
                }
                mod.buf << 0x0B // END expression opcode
            }
        }
        mod.end_section(tpatch)
    }
    // https://webassembly.github.io/spec/core/binary/modules.html#export-section
    //
    {
        tpatch := mod.start_section(.export_section)
        {
            lpatch := mod.patch_start()
            mut lsz := 0
            for _, ft in mod.functions {
                if !ft.export {
                    continue
                }
                lsz++
                mod.name(ft.export_name or { ft.name })
                mod.buf << 0x00 // function
                mod.u32(u32(ft.idx + mod.fn_imports.len))
            }
            if memory := mod.memory {
                if memory.export {
                    lsz++
                    mod.name(memory.name)
                    mod.buf << 0x02 // function
                    mod.u32(0)
                }
            }
            for tblidx, tbl in mod.tables {
                if !tbl.export {
                    continue
                }
                lsz++
                mod.name(tbl.name)
                mod.buf << 0x01 // table
                mod.u32(u32(tblidx))
            }
            for idx, gbl in mod.globals {
                if !gbl.export {
                    continue
                }
                lsz++
                mod.name(gbl.name)
                mod.buf << 0x03 // global
                mod.u32(u32(idx + mod.global_imports.len))
            }
            mod.patch_u32(lpatch, u32(lsz))
        }
        mod.end_section(tpatch)
    }
    // https://webassembly.github.io/spec/core/binary/modules.html#binary-startsec
    //
    if start := mod.start {
        ftt := mod.functions[start] or { panic('start function ${start} does not exist') }
        tpatch := mod.start_section(.start_section)
        {
            mod.u32(u32(ftt.idx + mod.fn_imports.len))
        }
        mod.end_section(tpatch)
    }
    // https://webassembly.github.io/spec/core/binary/modules.html#element-section
    //
    if mod.elements.len > 0 {
        tpatch := mod.start_section(.element_section)
        {
            mod.u32(u32(mod.elements.len))
            for el in mod.elements {
                match el.mode {
                    .active {
                        if el.tableidx == 0 {
                            mod.buf << 0x00 // active, table 0, vec(funcidx)
                            // offset constant expression
                            mod.buf << 0x41 // i32.const
                            mod.buf << leb128.encode_i32(i32(el.offset))
                            mod.buf << 0x0B // END expression opcode
                        } else {
                            mod.buf << 0x02 // active, explicit tableidx + elemkind
                            mod.u32(u32(el.tableidx))
                            mod.buf << 0x41 // i32.const
                            mod.buf << leb128.encode_i32(i32(el.offset))
                            mod.buf << 0x0B // END expression opcode
                            mod.buf << 0x00 // elemkind: funcref
                        }
                    }
                    .declarative {
                        mod.buf << 0x03 // declarative + elemkind
                        mod.buf << 0x00 // elemkind: funcref
                    }
                    .passive {
                        mod.buf << 0x01 // passive + elemkind
                        mod.buf << 0x00 // elemkind: funcref
                    }
                }

                // vec(funcidx)
                mod.u32(u32(el.funcs.len))
                for fnname in el.funcs {
                    mod.u32(u32(mod.get_local_func_idx(fnname)))
                }
            }
        }
        mod.end_section(tpatch)
    }
    // https://webassembly.github.io/spec/core/binary/modules.html#data-count-section
    //
    if mod.segments.len > 0 {
        tpatch := mod.start_section(.data_count_section)
        {
            mod.u32(u32(mod.segments.len))
        }
        mod.end_section(tpatch)
    }
    // https://webassembly.github.io/spec/core/binary/modules.html#binary-codesec
    //
    if mod.functions.len > 0 {
        tpatch := mod.start_section(.code_section)
        {
            mod.u32(u32(mod.functions.len))
            for _, ft in mod.functions {
                fpatch := mod.patch_start()
                rloc := ft.locals[mod.functypes[ft.tidx].parameters.len..]
                {
                    mod.u32(u32(rloc.len))
                    for lt in rloc {
                        mod.u32(1)
                        mod.buf << u8(lt.typ)
                    }
                    mod.patch(ft)
                    mod.buf << 0x0B // END expression opcode
                }
                mod.patch_len(fpatch)
            }
        }
        mod.end_section(tpatch)
    }
    // https://webassembly.github.io/spec/core/binary/modules.html#data-section
    //
    if mod.segments.len > 0 {
        tpatch := mod.start_section(.data_section)
        {
            mod.u32(u32(mod.segments.len))
            for _, seg in mod.segments {
                if idx := seg.idx {
                    mod.buf << 0x00 // active
                    // constant expr
                    mod.buf << 0x41 // i32.const
                    mod.buf << leb128.encode_i32(i32(idx))
                    mod.buf << 0x0B // END expression opcode
                } else {
                    mod.buf << 0x01 // passive
                }
                mod.u32(u32(seg.data.len))
                mod.buf << seg.data
            }
        }
        mod.end_section(tpatch)
    }
    // https://webassembly.github.io/spec/core/appendix/custom.html#name-section
    //
    if mod.debug {
        tpatch := mod.start_section(.custom_section)
        mod.name('name')
        if mod_name := mod.mod_name {
            mpatch := mod.start_subsection(.name_module)
            {
                mod.name(mod_name)
            }
            mod.end_section(mpatch)
        }
        {
            mpatch := mod.start_subsection(.name_function)
            {
                mod.u32(u32(mod.functions.len + mod.fn_imports.len))
                mut idx := 0
                for f in mod.fn_imports {
                    mod.u32(u32(idx))
                    mod.name('${f.mod}.${f.name}')
                    idx++
                }
                for n, _ in mod.functions {
                    mod.u32(u32(idx))
                    mod.name(n)
                    idx++
                }
            }
            mod.end_section(mpatch)
        }
        {
            mpatch := mod.start_subsection(.name_local)
            {
                fpatch := mod.patch_start()
                mut fcount := 0
                mut idx := mod.fn_imports.len // after imports
                for _, ft in mod.functions {
                    // only add entry if it contains a local with an assigned name
                    if ft.locals.any(it.name != none) {
                        mod.u32(u32(idx)) // function idx

                        mut lcount := 0
                        lcpatch := mod.patch_start()
                        for lidx, loc in ft.locals {
                            if name := loc.name {
                                mod.u32(u32(lidx))
                                mod.name(name)
                                lcount++
                            }
                        }
                        mod.patch_u32(lcpatch, u32(lcount))
                        fcount++
                    }
                    idx++
                }
                mod.patch_u32(fpatch, u32(fcount))
            }
            mod.end_section(mpatch)
        }
        {
            mpatch := mod.start_subsection(.name_type)
            {
                fpatch := mod.patch_start()
                mut fcount := 0
                for idx, ft in mod.functypes {
                    if name := ft.name {
                        mod.u32(u32(idx))
                        mod.name(name)
                        fcount++
                    }
                }
                mod.patch_u32(fpatch, u32(fcount))
            }
            mod.end_section(mpatch)
        }
        if memory := mod.memory {
            mpatch := mod.start_subsection(.name_memory)
            {
                mod.u32(u32(1)) // one memory in vec
                mod.u32(u32(0)) // 0 idx
                mod.name(memory.name) // memory name
            }
            mod.end_section(mpatch)
        }
        if mod.globals.len != 0 || mod.global_imports.len != 0 {
            mpatch := mod.start_subsection(.name_global)
            {
                fpatch := mod.patch_start()
                mut fcount := 0
                for gbl in mod.global_imports {
                    mod.u32(u32(fcount))
                    mod.name('${gbl.mod}.${gbl.name}')
                    fcount++
                }
                for gbl in mod.globals {
                    mod.u32(u32(fcount))
                    mod.name(gbl.name)
                    fcount++
                }
                mod.patch_u32(fpatch, u32(fcount))
            }
            mod.end_section(mpatch)
        }
        if mod.segments.any(it.name != none) {
            mpatch := mod.start_subsection(.name_data)
            {
                fpatch := mod.patch_start()
                mut fcount := 0
                for idx, ds in mod.segments {
                    if name := ds.name {
                        mod.u32(u32(idx))
                        mod.name(name)
                        fcount++
                    }
                }
                mod.patch_u32(fpatch, u32(fcount))
            }
            mod.end_section(mpatch)
        }

        mod.end_section(tpatch)
    }

    return mod.buf
}